Belief bias is the tendency to evaluate the strength of an argument based on the believability of its conclusion instead of the logical reasoning that supports it. People are inclined to accept arguments that align with their pre-existing beliefs and values, while dismissing opposing viewpoints. This cognitive bias can significantly impact reasoning tasks, leading individuals to make flawed judgments based on the apparent plausibility of outcomes rather than sound logic.
For instance, during a debate about climate change, a participant may reject scientifically valid arguments against climate change if they believe that climate change is a hoax, simply because the conclusion aligns with their personal beliefs.
To overcome belief bias, individuals should practice critical thinking by consciously focusing on logical reasoning rather than the attractiveness of conclusions. This can be enhanced through deliberate reasoning exercises and seeking diverse viewpoints.