Outgroup favoritism refers to the tendency for individuals to favor members of their own group (in-group) over those from other groups (out-group). This bias can lead to preferential treatment, positive evaluations, and support for those within one's own social group while exhibiting negative attitudes or behaviors towards those who are not part of the group.
A classic example of outgroup favoritism occurred during the 2008 U.S. presidential election when many supporters of Barack Obama, an African American candidate, showed a tendency to favor policies and viewpoints that aligned with him while dismissing or criticizing those from his opponent's camp, often based on group identity rather than policy merit.
To overcome outgroup favoritism, individuals can actively seek to engage with and understand members of outgroups, promote inclusive environments, and focus on shared human values rather than group distinctions.